AdvancedAdvT Valuation Multiples

Founded in Germany in 1972 by former IBM employees, SAP is the world’s largest provider of enterprise application software. Known as the leader in enterprise resource planning software, SAP’s portfolio also includes software for supply chain management, procurement, travel and expense management, and customer relationship management, among others. The company operates in more than 180 countries and has more than 400,000 customers, approximately 80% of which are small to medium-size enterprises.

Idexx Laboratories primarily develops, manufactures, and distributes diagnostic products, equipment, and services for pets and livestock. Its key product lines include single-use canine and feline test kits that veterinarians can employ in the office, benchtop chemistry and hematology analyzers for test-panel analysis on-site, reference lab services, and tests to detect and manage disease in livestock. The firm also offers vet practice management software and consulting services to animal hospitals. Idexx derives roughly 35% of its revenue from outside the United States.

Paychex is a technology company providing human capital management solutions, enabling clients to better implement payroll, talent, time, tax, and benefits administration. It has a diverse set of product offerings addressing client needs. Aside from its traditional cloud-based payroll and HCM software offering, which accounts for close to half of total revenue, the company provides outsourcing options. Paychex's administrative service organization and professional employer organization accounts generate over 40% of sales. The balance of revenue is generated through retirement services, insurance solutions, and other products. In fiscal 2025, the company had 800,000 clients and almost 2.5 million worksite employees across its ASO and PEO.

Roper Technologies is a holding company focused on acquiring, managing, and developing niche market-leading technology businesses. The company operates a decentralized business model whereby each portfolio company operates independently from the others. Roper positions itself as a free cash flow compounder, whereby excess free cash flow generated by its portfolio businesses is repatriated to the parent company, which is then utilized to acquire additional businesses. Presently, the company operates 30 distinct businesses with over three-fourths of the revenue coming from software products and over two-thirds of the revenue coming from recurring and recurring sources.

Workday is a software company that offers human capital management, financial management, and business planning solutions for enterprises. Known for being a cloud-only software provider, Workday was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Pleasanton, California.

Iqvia is the result of the 2016 merger of Quintiles, a leading global contract research organization, and IMS Health, a leading healthcare data and analytics provider. The research and development segment focuses primarily on providing outsourced late-stage clinical trials for pharmaceutical, device, and diagnostic firms. The technology and analytics segment provides aggregated information and technology services to clients in the healthcare industry, including pharmaceutical companies, providers, payers, and policymakers, as well as data and analytics capabilities for clinical trials, including virtual trials. The company also has a small contract sales business.

Veeva is the global leading supplier of cloud-based software solutions for the life sciences industry. The company's best-of-breed offerings address operating and regulatory requirements for customers ranging from small, emerging biotechnology companies to departments of global pharmaceutical manufacturers. The company leverages its domain expertise to improve the efficiency and compliance of the underserved life sciences industry, displacing large, highly customized and dated enterprise resource planning systems that have limited flexibility. Its two main products are Veeva CRM, a customer relationship management platform for companies with a salesforce, and Veeva Vault, a content management platform that tackles various functions within any life sciences company.

GE HealthCare Technologies is a leading medical technology firm with leading market share in imaging and ultrasound equipment. The company reports four major segments: imaging (45% of revenue), advanced visualization solutions (26%), patient care solutions (15%), and pharmaceutical diagnostics (14%). The company’s sales are geographically diverse, with the United States, EMEA, China, and the rest of the world accounting for 46%, 26%, 11%, and 17% respectively. We estimate approximately half of its revenue is recurring, which consists of servicing (about one third of revenue), pharmaceutical diagnostics (about 10%-15%), and digital solutions (just over 5%).

Pro Medicus is a healthcare IT company specializing in radiology imaging software. Its main product, Visage 7, is a clinical desktop application that radiologists use to view, enhance, and manipulate images from any device and make a diagnosis. Its main customers are US private academic hospitals. In fiscal 2025, Pro Medicus earned 90% of revenue in North America, 8% from Australia, and the remaining 2% in Europe.

Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd provides customers with high-performance medical imaging equipment, radiotherapy products, life science instruments, and medical digitalization and intelligent solutions. The company’s products include MRI systems, CT scanners, X-ray imaging equipment, molecular imaging systems, radiotherapy linear accelerators, and life science instruments.

Icon is a global late-stage contract research organization that provides drug development and clinical trial services to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical-device firms. While the vast majority of its revenue comes from clinical research, Icon also offers ancillary services such as laboratory and imaging capabilities. The company is headquartered in Ireland.

Glaukos Corp is an ophthalmic pharmaceutical and medical technology company focused on developing novel, dropless therapies and commercializing associated products for the treatment of glaucoma, corneal disorders, and retinal diseases. It has commenced commercialization activities for iDose TR, a first-of-its-kind, long-duration, intracameral procedural pharmaceutical implant designed to continuously deliver glaucoma drug therapy inside the eye for extended periods of time. The company also offer commercially a proprietary bio-activated pharmaceutical therapy for the treatment of a rare corneal disorder, keratoconus. The company has three primary commercialized micro-scale surgical device products designed to treat glaucoma: the iStent, the iStent inject W, and the iStent infinite.

M3 Inc is a Japan-based company engaged in providing medical-related services through internet-based platforms and real-world operations. The company operates six reportable segments: Medical Platform, Evidence Solutions, Career Solutions, Site Solutions, Patient Solutions, and Overseas. Its businesses include online marketing for medical professionals, clinical trial support, human resources services for medical professionals, operational support for medical institutions, and patient support services. The Overseas segment offers similar services internationally, including in the United States, the United Kingdom, China, South Korea, India, France, Germany, and Spain.

Founded in 1998, Paycom is a human capital management software-as-a-service provider addressing customer requirements surrounding payroll, talent acquisition, talent management, human resources management, and time and labor. The company primarily generates revenue through the sale of subscriptions providing access to its HCM platform. To a lesser extent, the company also generates revenue from implementation services provided to customers as well as interest income generated from customer funds.

Founded in 1997, Paylocity is a cloud-based human capital management and payroll platform servicing midmarket customers. The company’s average client size is around 150 employees. Its products help with recruiting and onboarding, payroll, time and labor, human resources, benefits, learning, and performance and compensation workflows. In fiscal 2025, the company generated over $1.5 billion in revenue across more than 41,000 customers.

Waystar Holding Corp is a provider of mission-critical cloud technology to healthcare organizations. Its enterprise-grade platform transforms the complex and disparate processes comprising healthcare payments received by healthcare providers from payers and patients, from pre-service engagement through post-service remittance and reconciliation. its platform enhances data integrity, eliminates manual tasks, and improves claim and billing accuracy, which results in transparency, reduced labor costs, and faster, more accurate reimbursement and cash flow. The market for solutions extends throughout the United States and includes Puerto Rico and other USA Territories.

Doximity Inc is a digital platform for U.S. medical professionals. The cloud-based platform provides members with tools specifically built for medical professionals, enabling them to collaborate with their colleagues, securely coordinate patient care, conduct virtual patient visits, stay up-to-date with the latest medical news and research, and manage their careers and on-call schedules.

CCC Intelligent Solutions Holdings Inc is a provider of cloud, mobile, AI, telematics, hyperscale technologies, and applications for the property and casualty insurance economy. The company's SaaS platform connects trading partners, facilitates commerce, and supports mission-critical, AI-enabled digital workflows. It operates in a single segment being Domestic segment, which provides SAAS platform for the P&C insurance economy and derives revenues from providing customers with software subscriptions to the platform in addition to providing professional services and non-software services. The company has its presence in the United States and China. The majority of the revenue is generated from the United States.

Privia Health Group Inc is a technology-driven, national physician-enablement company. It collaborates with medical groups, health plans, and health systems to optimize physician practices, improve patient experiences, and reward doctors for delivering high-value care in both in-person and virtual care settings.

Totvs SA is a provider of information technology solutions to small and medium enterprises in the education, government, healthcare, and retail end markets. The Company's business purpose is to provide business solutions for companies of all sizes, through the development and sale of management software, productivity platforms, collaboration, and data intelligence, digital marketing, as well as the provision of implementation, consulting, advisory, maintenance services, e-commerce, and mobility. The Company operates in three reportable segments, which include the TOTVS Management segment, the RD Station segment, and the TOTVS Techfin segment. The majority of its revenues is generated from the TOTVS Management segment.

Workiva Inc is an AI-powered platform for trust, transparency, and accountability. Accounting, finance, sustainability, risk, and audit teams rely on Workiva for their mission-critical work. It transforms how customers connect data, unify processes, and empower teams in a secure, AI-powered, audit-ready, collaborative platform. Company's Geographical region consist of USA, Netherland, UK, and Others. Majority of revenue is from USA.

Tieto Oyj is a software and technology consulting company. The company provides software and digital engineering services to customers across multiple industries. Its operations include specialized software businesses such as Tieto Caretech, Tieto Banktech, and Tieto Indtech, as well as a technology consulting business. The company offers services in areas including software development, design, cloud, and artificial intelligence.

EverCommerce Inc provides tailored Software-as-a-Service solutions for service-based small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) in-home services, health services, and fitness & wellness. With a platform serving approximately 708,000 customers across three core verticals, including numerous micro-verticals, their solutions address diverse needs within these sectors. Revenue is mostly generated from the United States. Operating in a single segment, their vertically-tailored SaaS offerings cater to SMBs' specialized demands, enabling them to automate processes, generate business, and enhance customer loyalty. The majority of customers contribute modest revenue, with a small percentage contributing higher amounts.

Omnicell Inc provides automation and business analytics software for healthcare providers. The company is engaged in transforming the pharmacy and nursing care delivery model. The company helps its customers define and deliver cost-effective medication management designed to equip and empower pharmacists and nurses to focus on patient care rather than administrative tasks and drive improved clinical, operational, and financial outcomes across all care settings. The company derives the majority of its revenue from the United States.

Qingdao Baheal Medical Inc is engaged in providing comprehensive marketing services for pharmaceutical product manufacturers.

Hilan Ltd is an Israel-based Application Service Provider (ASP) company. It provides overall management of the human resource in organizations, such as payroll, human resources, time and attendance and pension administration. The company serves banking and finance, communication, health and medicine, retail, hi-tech, teaching and education, transportation companies, hotels, institutions and many others.

ATOSS Software SE supplies technical and consulting solutions for professional workforce management and demand-driven workforce deployment. From conventional working time management to mobile apps, detailed workforce forecasting, sophisticated workforce scheduling, or strategic capacity and demand schedules, the company offers its customers various solutions in the cloud or on-premises. It generates sales revenue from licensing software products to end-users or to resellers, from cloud subscriptions, maintenance contracts, consulting services, the sale of hardware as well as from providing other goods and services.

Indegene Ltd provides digital-led commercialization services for the life sciences industry, including biopharmaceutical, emerging biotech, and medical device companies. It assists them with drug development and clinical trials, regulatory submissions, pharmacovigilance and complaints management, and the sales and marketing of their products. Its portfolio of solutions covers all aspects of commercial, medical, regulatory, and R&D operations for life sciences companies. The company's segments include Enterprise Medical Solutions, Enterprise Commercial Solutions, Omnichannel Activation, and Others. Key revenue is generated from the Omnichannel Activation segment. The company has a presence in India, Europe, and North America, with the majority of revenue coming from North America.

Schrodinger Inc is a healthcare-based software company. It offers software solutions designed to support and accelerate the discovery, design, and optimization of molecules. The company operates in two reportable segments: Software and Drug Discovery. The software segment is focused on selling software to transform drug discovery across the life sciences industry, as well as to customers in materials science industries. The drug discovery segment is focused on generating revenue from a diverse portfolio of preclinical and clinical programs, internally and through collaborations, that have various stages of discovery and development. The majority of the company's revenue is derived from the Software segment. Geographically, it derives the maximum revenue from the United States.

US Physical Therapy Inc through its subsidiaries operates outpatient physical therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic-related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventative care, rehabilitation of injured workers, and neurological-related injuries. The principal payment sources for the clinics' services are managed care programs, commercial health insurance, Medicare/Medicaid, workers' compensation insurance, and proceeds from personal injury cases. Its operating segment includes Physical therapy operations and Industrial injury prevention services. The company generates maximum revenue from the Physical therapy operations segment.

Xunfei Healthcare Technology Co Ltd is an AI-empowered healthcare solution provider, offering products and solutions that support a range of healthcare services, ranging from health risk warnings, early screening, auxiliary diagnosis and treatment, as well as treatment effect evaluation, to post-discharge management and chronic disease management. It has independently developed AI technologies that underpin its products and solutions. Smart Healthcare, Smart Hospital, Intelligent Hardware, Smart Medical Insurance, and Smart Imaging Union. The Company’s revenue was mainly derived from PHC services and patient services.

Vitec Software Group AB is a software company in Vertical Market Software in the Nordic region. The company provides software for the pharmacy market, automotive and machine industry, banks and insurance companies, healthcare companies, real estate agents, and the education sector. Its segments comprise Auto, Energy, Real Estate, Finance and insurance, Environment, Estate Agents, and Education and health.

Freee KK is a developer of cloud-based software. Its software products include Cloud Accounting software, Cloud HR Labor software, Cloud ERP for Midsize companies, among others.

PHC Holdings Corp is engaged in the development, manufacture and sale of healthcare devices and services.

HealthStream Inc provides workforce and provider solutions for healthcare organizations. Its reportable segments include Workforce Solutions and Provider Solutions. Workforce development solutions consist of SaaS, subscription-based products that are used by healthcare organizations. Its Provider Solutions products offer healthcare organizations software applications for administering and tracking provider credentialing, privileging, call center and enrollment activities. The company generates a majority of its revenue from Subscription Services.

Hangzhou Pinming Software Co Ltd is a provider of applied technology and products of digital construction in the construction phase. It focuses on the field of engineering construction information technology. Its business covers engineering cost, construction software, BIM software, smart construction sites, and universities. , Industry supervision, infrastructure and others.

Suzhou MedicalSystem Technology Co Ltd develops medical engineering technology and promotes clinical system for operation theatre and intensive care units.

Echo IQ Ltd is an Australian medical technology company focused on improving decision-making in cardiology. Its proprietary EchoSolv platform leverages AI-driven analysis of echocardiographic data to help clinicians detect Aortic Stenosis (AS) and other conditions with greater accuracy and efficiency. The company is focused on expanding its strategic partnerships, progressing regulatory pathways, and completing successful deployments of its technology in the USA healthcare market to establish its position in AI-enabled cardiovascular care.

B-Soft Co Ltd is engaged in providing software and information technology services for the healthcare industry.

Phreesia Inc is a provider of comprehensive software solutions that improve the operational and financial performance of healthcare organizations by activating patients in their care to optimize patient health outcomes. Through its SaaS-based technology platform, it offers healthcare services clients a robust suite of integrated solutions that manage patient access, registration, payments, and clinical support. The Phreesia Platform encompasses a comprehensive range of technologies and services, including, initial patient contact, registration, automated answering services, appointment scheduling, payments, and post-appointment patient surveys.

Yidu Tech Inc offers healthcare solutions built on big data and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The company serves various healthcare industry participants, including hospitals, pharmaceutical, biotech, research institutions, insurance companies, etc. Its operating segments are: Big data platform and solutions, Life sciences solutions, and Health management platform and solutions. The majority of the company's revenue is generated from its Big data platform and solutions segment, which provides data intelligence platforms and data analytics-driven solutions (such as Eywa 5.0, Lingxi Intelligent Management, AI Middleware, etc.) for hospitals, healthcare institutions, regulators, and policymakers. Geographically, the company generates maximum revenue from Mainland China.

RaySearch Laboratories AB is a Sweden-based medical technology company. The company develops advanced software solutions for improved cancer treatment. The company develops and markets the RayStation* treatment planning system and RayCare* oncology information system to clinics all over the world and distributes products through licensing agreements with medical technology companies. Its geographic segments consist of Sweden, North America, Asia Pacific, Europe and the rest of the world.

Artrya Ltd is a medical technology company. The company is engaged in the development and commercialization of Artrya Salix, its patented artificial intelligence platform that detects, diagnoses, and helps address coronary artery disease. It is managed based on a single segment, being the development of AI-driven CCTA image analysis technology.

Sphere Corp Formerly Life Semantics Corp is engaged in the development and supply of innovative healthcare solutions such as providing a technology platform for digital transformation in the healthcare field and non-face-to-face medical and digital treatment devices.

Weave Communications Inc is a customer experience and payments software platform tailored for SMB healthcare businesses, that revolutionizes patient interaction from initial contact to billing. It integrates diverse workflows into a unified solution, minimizing manual tasks and maximizing patient engagement. Weave democratizes enterprise-level communication tools, simplifying them for SMBs in a singular platform. Offering varied communication channels, appointment scheduling, payment processing, and more, enhances practitioner-patient relationships and optimizes practice operations. The company has a singular operating segment and revenue from subscription services.

Equasens is engaged in the European healthcare sector, providing software solutions to all healthcare professionals (pharmacists, primary care practitioners, hospitals, Hospital-at-Home structures, retirement homes, health centers) and patients in both primary and secondary care sectors. The various activities that the company is involved in include: pharmacy software publishing and integration, publishing of IT solutions for health and medical/social establishments, and development of solutions and infrastructures for e-Health. With operations in France (its key revenue-generating market), Italy, Belgium, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, it is developing the healthcare platform and an ecosystem in France and Europe, benefiting people by making its technology services available.

Craneware PLC provides automated revenue integrity solutions that improve financial performance for healthcare organizations. Its activities include the development, licensing, and ongoing support of computer software for the US healthcare industry. It is engaged in the sale of software licenses, white labelling, and professional services (including installation) to hospitals within the USA. The company recognizes its revenues from the sale of and distribution agreements relating to software licenses and professional services.

Claritev Corp is a healthcare technology, data, and insights company focused on improving transparency, affordability, and quality. The company provides tech-enabled solutions and services to interpret clients' needs and customize solutions that combine its payment integrity, network-based, and analytics-based services. The Company's focus is being a value-added provider of data analytics and technology-enabled end-to-end cost management, payment, and revenue integrity solutions to the U.S. healthcare industry.